تفسیر و اصول تفسیر: مفہوم، ارتقاء اور اقسام

Interpretation and Principles of Interpretation: Concepts, Evolution and Types

Abstract

Qur’an is Divine guidance for Human beings. Efforts are listed from the early Islamic period to date to understand the text of this guidance. Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was the first exegete, His companions and followers were the next ones and this chain continues till now. In the third century Hijra, exegesis of Qur’an got the position of permanent science and then the work, in this field, was started in different dimensions. Many writers wrote permanent exegesis and others worked on its branches; i.e. Uloom ul Quran, Mushkalat ul Quran, Ghraib ul Quran, Nasikh-o-Mansookh, Ijaz ul Quran, etc. In this article, a basic introduction to this science, its branches, and its principles are discussed. It is found that exegesis work started from the early Islamic period and continues till now and many branches in exegesis work took place beside the development of its principles and helping sciences. Usool-e-Tafseer (Principles/Methods of illustration) are compiled, the first time in seven century hijra by Ibn Taymiyyah with this name. Later on, many books were written in this field, especially the territory of the subcontinent got a special place in this science. There are three schools of thought exist regarding this science. Everyone published their own work and insisted to describe the Quranic text according to their own principles. These principles also exist in the prefaces of the exegeses.