حدیث و سنت کا تاریخی ارتقاء اور فتنۂ انکارِ حدیث (جدید اعتراضات کا تنقیدی جائزہ)

“The Historical Evolution of Hadith and Sunnah and the Fitnah of Denial of Hadith (A Critical Review of Contemporary Objections)

Abstract

This research paper examines the historical development, preservation, and authority of Hadith and Sunnah, and critically analyzes the ideological foundations of the modern-day denial of Hadith. Beginning with the earliest phases of Islam, the study highlights how the writing and preservation of Hadith commenced during the lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ and continued rigorously through the eras of the Companions, Tabi‘een, and later hadith scholars. The paper outlines the systematic efforts made in the sciences of Asma’ al-Rijal, Jarh wa Ta‘deel, and Usul al-Hadith, demonstrating the unparalleled scholarly precision through which authentic narrations were distinguished from weak ones.

Furthermore, the research traces the intellectual roots of Hadith rejection to the early deviations of the Khawarij and Mu‘tazilah, and then examines its revival in the Indian subcontinent through figures such as Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Abdullah Chakralvi, Aslam Jairajpuri, and Ghulam Ahmad Parvez. Their objections ranging from the authenticity of narrations to claims of contradictions are evaluated in light of classical Hadith methodology. The study concludes that these objections lack academic substance and stem from a superficial understanding of both Islamic tradition and the principles governing Hadith authentication. Ultimately, the paper reaffirms that Hadith and Sunnah are indispensable sources of Islamic law, without which the Qur'an cannot be fully understood or practically implemented.