The Art of Coexistence: Prophet Muḥammad (S.A.W)’s Treaties as a Framework for Religious Inclusivity

Abstract

Diversity is regarded as the wisdom of Allah’s Plan. The religious diversity in the world is a sign of Allah that tells co-existence with diverse communities, as humankind shares a common origin. The practical demonstration of this peaceful co-existence is given by the Prophet Muḥammad (S.A.W).  Hazrat Muḥammad (S.A.W.) was a Prophet of Mercy who worked to promote peace amongst his Ummah and other religious groups in his day. He promised freedom and religious liberty to those who are prepared to coexist peacefully with Muslims. The prophet Muḥammad's treaties are excellent illustrations of his endeavors to encourage religious tolerance in the society of his day.  Together with guaranteeing safety, religious freedom, and equal participation in society, these treaties set basic standards for peaceful coexistence and respect among various religious communities. In order to create a society that is inclusive of all religions, this study investigates the historical relevance of the treaties established by the Prophet Muḥammad (S.A.W). The Prophet's agreements with many religious communities during his lifetime serve as everlasting examples of tolerance and concord amongst faiths. The study has taken a descriptive and analytical approach in order to explore the historical treaties and emphasize the prophet's (S.A.W.) all-encompassing and peaceful method of dealing with non-Muslim citizens of the Islamic state. The findings of the paper, not only deepen our understanding of interfaith relations but offer advice to government, civil society actors, and policymakers to promote social integration of religiously diverse communities.  This study adds to the current discussion about religious diversity, inclusive societies, and the enduring significance of the precepts of the Prophet Muḥammad in fostering a culture that celebrates human uniqueness and diversity.